loopback fielsystem

To dump a disk (or a partition) into a file, you use the following command:

dd if=/dev/hda3 of=file.bin

This command writes the complete data on the hda3 partition into the file file.bin.
To mount the filesystem that is in the file, you need to create a loopback device:

losetup /dev/loop0 file.bin

Now you can mount the filesystem as usual:

mount -r -t filesystemtype /dev/loop0 /mnt/mountpoint

Apparently, one can combine the last two commands into one: